Search results for "Superposition Principle"

showing 10 items of 112 documents

A new Collinear Apparatus for Laser Spectroscopy and Applied Science (COALA).

2020

We present a new collinear laser spectroscopy setup that has been designed to overcome systematic uncertainty limits arising from high-voltage and frequency measurements, beam superposition, and collisions with residual gas that are present in other installations utilizing this technique. The applied methods and experimental realizations are described, including an active stabilization of the ion-source potential, new types of ion sources that have not been used for collinear laser spectroscopy so far, dedicated installations for pump-and-probe measurements, and a versatile laser system referenced to a frequency comb. The advanced setup enables us to routinely determine transition frequenci…

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryLaserResidual01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasIonlaw.inventionMetrologyFrequency combSuperposition principleOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesSpectroscopybusinessInstrumentationBeam (structure)The Review of scientific instruments
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Enhanced alignment and orientation of polar molecules by vibrational resonant adiabatic passage

2007

The authors show that polar molecules can be adiabatically aligned and oriented by laser pulses more efficiently when the laser frequencies are vibrationally resonant. The aligned molecules are found in a superposition of vibrational pendular states, each associated with the alignment of the rotor in one vibrational state. The authors construct the dressed potential associated with this mechanism. Values of detunings and field amplitudes are given to optimize the degree of alignment and orientation for the CO molecule.

010304 chemical physicsField (physics)[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]ChemistryChemical polarityGeneral Physics and AstronomyLaser01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSuperposition principleAmplitude[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]lawOrientation (geometry)0103 physical sciencesVibrational energy relaxationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic process[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Gauge theory of the long-range proximity effect and spontaneous currents in superconducting heterostructures with strong ferromagnets

2017

We present the generalized quasiclassical theory of the long-range superconducting proximity effect in heterostructures with strong ferromagnets, where the exchange splitting is of the order of Fermi energy. In the ferromagnet the propagation of equal-spin Cooper pairs residing on the spin-split Fermi surfaces is shown to be governed by the spin-dependent Abelian gauge field which results either from the spin-orbital coupling or from the magnetic texture. This additional gauge field enters into the quasiclassical equations in superposition with the usual electromagnetic vector potential and results in the generation of spontaneous superconducting currents and phase shifts in various geometr…

02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperposition principleCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesProximity effect (superconductivity)Boundary value problemGauge theory010306 general physicsPhysicsSuperconductivityta114Condensed matter physicsJosephson effectMeissner effectFermi energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyferromagnetismcoherence lengthQuantum electrodynamicsproximity effectCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCooper pair0210 nano-technologyVector potentialPhysical Review B
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Quantification of propagating and standing surface acoustic waves by stroboscopic X-ray photoemission electron microscopy.

2018

The quantification of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in LiNbO3 piezoelectric crystals by stroboscopic X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM), with a temporal smearing below 80 ps and a spatial resolution below 100 nm, is reported. The contrast mechanism is the varying piezoelectric surface potential associated with the SAW phase. Thus, kinetic energy spectra of photoemitted secondary electrons measure directly the SAW electrical amplitude and allow for the quantification of the associated strain. The stroboscopic imaging combined with a deliberate detuning allows resolving and quantifying the respective standing and propagating components of SAWs from a superposition of waves. Furth…

0303 health sciencesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationMaterials sciencebusiness.industry030303 biophysicsPhase (waves)02 engineering and technologyAcoustic wave021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPiezoelectricitySecondary electronslaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesPhotoemission electron microscopySuperposition principleOpticslawElectron microscope0210 nano-technologybusinessInstrumentationExcitationJournal of synchrotron radiation
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Shaping of a ground state rotational wavepacket by frequency-chirped pulses

2001

0953-4075; A coherent rotational superposition state is produced in the ground vibronic level of N2 through the interaction of the molecule with the electric field vector of a nonresonant laser pulse. This rotational wavepacket is shaped with a linear frequency chirp of the laser field. The structural shape of the rotational coherences shows a strong dependence with the frequency-chirp amplitude. A comparison with a theoretical model allows the interpretation of the observed effects in terms of dephasing of the wavepacket induced by the laser phase distortion. Application of the presented results to the phase characterization of short XUV pulses is suggested.

CONTROLDephasingPhase (waves)Physics::Opticslaw.inventionCOHERENTSuperposition principleINDUCED POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPYlawPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersChirpPhysics::Atomic PhysicsFIELDFEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSESINTERFERENCEPhysicsPhase distortionPHOTODISSOCIATIONCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserEVOLUTIONN-2Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmplitudeAtomic physicsGround stateJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Size Dependence of Tracer Diffusion in Supercooled Liquids

1996

We have determined by forced Rayleigh scattering the diffusion coefficients D of several photochromic tracers with van der Waals radii between 0.38 and 8 nm (the largest ones being photolabeled polystyrene micronetworks) in 10 glass-forming liquids at temperatures between the glass temperature Tg and ∼1.2Tg. The results were analyzed in terms of power law plots, D(T) ∝ T/η(T)ξ, where η is the solvent shear viscosity, and temperature shifts, D(T) ∝ T/η(T + ΔT). The shift ΔT was related with the width of the rotational correlation time distribution via the time−temperature superposition principle.

ChemistryDiffusionGeneral EngineeringThermodynamicsPower lawPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattersymbols.namesakeSuperposition principlechemistry.chemical_compoundsymbolsVan der Waals radiusPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySupercoolingGlass transitionRotational correlation timeThe Journal of Physical Chemistry
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On the measurement of bubble size distribution in gas–liquid contactors via light sheet and image analysis

2010

Abstract Particle image velocimetry techniques coupled with advanced image processing tools are receiving an increasing interest for measuring flow quantities and local bubble-size distributions in gas–liquid mechanically agitated vessels. When trying to analyze image information the problem arises that bubble sizes are generally underestimated, due to the fact that the laser sheet used for lighting the system randomly cuts bubbles over non-diametrical planes, leading to an apparent bubble size distribution even in the ideal case of single sized bubbles. Clearly in the case of bubbles with a size distribution the experimental information obtained is affected by the superposition of effects.…

Chord (geometry)Apparent SizeGeneral Chemical EngineeringBubbleSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciImage processingIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSuperposition principleOpticslawIMAGE ANALYSISMathematicsbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsGeneral ChemistryMechanicsLaser sheetLaserChord length distributionPIVParticle image velocimetryBubble size distributionParticle-size distributionImage analysibusiness
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A new Adaptive and Progressive Image Transmission Approach using Function Superpositions

2010

International audience; We present a novel approach to adaptive and progressive image transmission, based on the decomposition of an image into compositions and superpositions of monovariate functions. The monovariate functions are iteratively constructed and transmitted, one after the other, to progressively reconstruct the original image: the progressive transmission is performed directly in the 1D space of the monovariate functions and independently of any statistical properties of the image. Each monovariate function contains only a fraction of the pixels of the image. Each new transmitted monovariate function adds data to the previously transmitted monovariate functions. After each tra…

Computer scienceImage qualityComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionmultidimensional function decompositionSuperposition principleRobustness (computer science)[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer visionsignal processingspatial scalability.Image resolutionImage restorationSignal processingPixelbusiness.industryprogressive image transmissionGeneral Engineering020206 networking & telecommunicationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfunctional representation[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionKolmogorov superposition theorem020201 artificial intelligence & image processingTomographyArtificial intelligencebusinessDigital filterAlgorithmspatial scalabilityImage compression
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A Methodology for the Analysis of Memory Response to Radiation through Bitmap Superposition and Slicing

2015

A methodology is proposed for the statistical analysis of memory radiation test data, with the aim of identifying trends in the single-even upset (SEU) distribution. The treated case study is a 65nm SRAM irradiated with neutrons, protons and heavy-ions.

Computer sciencebitmap slicingParallel computingHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYRadiationSlicingUpsetElectronic mailSuperposition principleStatic random-access memoryMemoriesstatic testNuclear Experimentdynamic testta114ta213computer.file_formatSRAMBitmap[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsMultiple Cell Upset (MCU)MCUSERBitmapradiation testevent accumulationSingle Event Upset (SEU)AlgorithmcomputerSEUTest data
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Entanglement interferometry for precision measurement of atomic scattering properties.

2003

We report on a two-particle matter wave interferometer realized with pairs of trapped 87Rb atoms. Each pair of atoms is confined at a single site of an optical lattice potential. The interferometer is realized by first creating a coherent spin-mixture of the two atoms and then tuning the inter-state scattering length via a Feshbach resonance. The selective change of the inter-state scattering length leads to an entanglement dynamics of the two-particle state that can be detected in a Ramsey interference experiment. This entanglement dynamics is employed for a precision measurement of atomic interaction parameters. Furthermore, the interferometer allows to separate lattice sites with one or …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum PhysicsOptical latticeAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)ScatteringFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyScattering lengthQuantum entanglementCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterPhysics - Atomic PhysicsInterferometrySuperposition principleQuantum mechanicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physics::Atomic PhysicsMatter waveAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Feshbach resonancePhysical review letters
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